150 research outputs found
Space charge limited release of charged inverse micelles in non-polar liquids
Charged inverse micelles (CIMs) generated during a continuous polarizing voltage between
electrodes in the model system of polyisobutylene succinimide in dodecane do not populate a
diffuse double layer like CIMs present in equilibrium (regular CIMs), but instead end up in
interface layers. When the applied voltage is reversed abruptly after a continuous polarizing
voltage step, two peaks are observed in the transient current. The first peak is due to the
release of regular CIMs from the diffuse double layers formed during the polarizing voltage
step, which is understood on the basis of the Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations. The second
peak is due to the release of a small fraction of generated negative CIMs from the interface
layer. A model based on space charge limited release of the generated negative CIMs from the
interface layer is presented and the results of the model are compared with several types of
measurements. For the situation in which the bulk is deprived of regular CIMs and neutral
inverse micelles, the results of the model are in agreement with the experimental results.
However, for the situation in which regular CIMs and neutral inverse micelles are present, the
model shows discrepancies with the experiment for high voltages and high charge contents.
These discrepancies are attributed to electrohydrodynamic flow caused by local variations in
the electric field at the vicinity of the electrodes, which occur during the reversal voltage.
Also the long term decrease of the amount of released generated CIMs is studied and it is
found that the presence of regular CIMs and neutral inverse micelles speeds up the decrease.
This study provides a deeper insight in the electrodynamics of CIMs and is relevant for
various applications in non-polar liquids
Impact of diffusion layers in strong electrolytes on the transient current
Transient currents of electrolytes in response to a voltage step can reveal a lot about the behavior of charges present in an electrolyte. In this paper, electrolytes with high ionic strength are considered. In the limit of small voltage steps, the interpretation is straightforward as the equations describing the transient can be linearized. However, when high ion concentrations and voltage steps of the order of kT/q are considered, we find higher-order effects that occur simultaneously with the diffuse double layer charging. In this case, the diffuse double layer and the transient diffusion layer are coupled because of the screening of the field, leading to a -3/2 power law for the transient current
Transient current properties in electronic paper
A lot can be learned about the charge transport inside electronic paper from current measurements. Under normal conditions the current response to a voltage step decays in time. However, under some conditions the current increases before decaying to its steady state value. It is not clear why this current bump occurs for high voltages or what its properties are, based on the applied voltage. In this article we will give an explanation for the current bump, and explain its properties
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